Thinking is the mental activity that we use while solving a problem or judging the truth in an important decision in life. We all think about our studies, job, sports, and many more things. If someone has an interest in sports he/she will always think about cricket, soccer, hockey, baseball, how to win a match or how to score more. Human beings have the ability to think about what was it. They have the capacity to think about problems and solve them. It’s our thoughts that we use to improve some aspects of the world.
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Types of Thinking
There are two main types of thinking.
- Autistic Thinking
- Realistic Thinking
Autistic Thinking
Autistic thinking is wishful or unrealistic thinking. A person fulfills his/her desire and wishes in fantasy. They did not take a single practical step to solve their problem but just fantasize about it and visualize that they have achieved their life goals. Autistic Thinking is further divided into the following types.
- Day Dreaming
- Free Association
- Word Association
Day Dreaming
Day dreaming or fantasy is the same thing. A person attains all his goals in fantasy. Day dreaming gives pleasure to us. Normal people also do day dreaming but they come back to real life immediately while mentally frustrated people live in their fantasies. Example: Shiekh Chille stories
Free Association
It is basically a therapeutic technique in psychoanalysis. In this technique, the subject is allowed to talk freely about whatever comes to mind without any fear or without any second thought. This technique is actually given by Sigmund Freud.
Word Association
It is a bit different from the free association technique. Subjects were given a list of words and asked to report the first word that comes to their mind after listening to the given word.
Realistic Thinking
As its name showed it is based on reality rather than fantasy. Individuals take actual practical steps by thinking of possible ways in order to solve their problems and achieve their goals. It is divided into three types.
- Reasoning
- Problem Solving
- Creative Thinking
Reasoning
Reasoning is the process in which people evaluate or generate arguments and then reach a conclusion. It is based on logic and critical thinking. Reasoning can be of two types.
- Inductive Reasoning
- Deductive Reasoning
Inductive Reasoning
Inductive reasoning involves reasoning from specific to general. It consists of concluding results by observing a few subjects and forming concepts of all the subjects of those categories. Creative thinking is inductive reasoning. An inductive result is never completely sure, there is always a chance that it might be wrong. With the help of examples, you will understand easily.
Example: Ali is mortal, Sana is mortal, and Aslam is mortal. Ali, Sana, and Aslam are Humans. So Humans are mortal.
Deductive Reasoning
Deductive Reasoning involves reasoning from general to specific. When we are solving some kind of puzzle or riddle we are actively involved in deductive reasoning. If the starting is true then the ending is also true.
Example: When we have a fever we took medicine. Salma is having a fever and taking medicine. Result: Salma will get well after taking medicine.
Problem Solving
The goal of thinking is problem-solving. Problem-solving means dealing with different situations that came in our lives. By using our thought process we can cope with these problems or situations. Whatever the problem is there will always be a solution to it. It is an attempt to find a solution to your problem and to achieve your desired goals.
Creative Thinking
Creative thinking is the ability to think in a unique way and to come up with conventional solutions to problems. Creative people are more than average in intelligence but every intelligent person is not creative-minded. For being creative people parents should allow children freedom as much as possible to deal with their work or task. Creative people are self-confident, ambitious, and perseverant. They play with problems and make more mistakes but in the end, they came up with a creative idea.
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